50 words included in Free50 maintained now
Browse or find a wordSearch by idea, purpose, familiarity, setting, or landing.
Be more particular
Start with a letter
How familiar should it feel?
Where should it belong?
How should it land?
verb

distil

dih-STIL

Hear it your way
  1. 01Understand
  2. 02Hear
  3. 03Distinguish
  4. 04See it used
  5. 05Choose how it lands
In plain English

To reduce something to its purest, most essential form.

Why it is worth having

It describes cutting that makes something stronger rather than merely shorter, which is the difference between editing and trimming.

Not quite summarise

A summary keeps the shape and shrinks it. To distil is to throw most of it away and keep what carries the strength.

Words it naturally keeps company with
distil it intodistil the argumentdistil down to
See it living in different rooms
workSee if you can distil the whole strategy into one sentence a new joiner would repeat.
writingThree drafts to distil the opening, and the final version is nine words.
conversationTry to distil it for me while the kettle boils.
How the wording lands

Asking a colleague to cut a twelve-page proposal to one page for the board.

Meaning held still: Get a shorter document that keeps the force of the argument, not just fewer words.

Direct
One page, and distil it rather than trim it. I want the argument at full strength.

It lands as: Names the kind of cutting you want, so they do not simply delete paragraphs.

Tradeoff: It is a demanding request, and it leaves the hardest judgment entirely with them.
Warm authority
One page. Start with what has to survive, and add back only what earns its space.

It lands as: Gives a method rather than a target, which usually produces a better page.

Tradeoff: Prescribing the method can feel like distrust of how they already work.
Restrained
The board reads one page. Everything else goes in the appendix.

It lands as: Makes the constraint external and impersonal, which removes any argument about it.

Tradeoff: Says nothing about quality, so you may get one dense, unreadable page.
What changes when the landing changes

Direct

certainty
names the kind of cutting wanted, distil not trim, the argument at full strength
exposure
demanding, with the hardest judgment left entirely to them

Warm authority

attribution
gives a method, start with what must survive, add back what earns its space
exposure
prescribing method can feel like distrust

Restrained

distance
makes the constraint external, the board reads one page, no argument available
exposure
says nothing about quality, risking one dense unreadable page
A tempting line that misses
Cut it to one page yourself; you know what the board needs, the colleague is close to their own text, and the deadline is Friday.

Why it tempts: The senior cut is faster and the twelve pages genuinely resist their author.

Why it misses: Distillation is where the colleague learns what their own argument actually is: the senior rewrite ships a good page and returns a writer who still produces twelve, the skill of finding what must survive stays untransferred, and next quarter's proposal arrives at twelve pages again with the same Friday. The intention is to get the force kept, not just the length cut, and the what-has-to-survive method hands over the distiller's question, which is the only way the next document arrives already distilled.

Keep building from here
near word

summarise

A summary covers everything smaller, the twelve pages in miniature; a distillation keeps only what carries force, stronger per drop than the original. The board page needs the second, which is why trim and shrink are the wrong verbs for the request.

concept

the still's patience

Latin destillare, to drip down: distillation boils off the volume and collects the concentrated essence drop by drop. The chemistry is the editing method, heat the argument until only what can't evaporate remains, and the one page is the collected spirit, not the reduced soup.

Watch for: Distilling is not the same as shortening. A shorter version that has lost the argument has not been distilled.

First met in The Cost of Being Clear. Saving keeps that example with the word.

Words worth having

Build a vocabulary you can actually use.

Choose what the word should help you do, distinguish its shade, and practise how it changes a sentence.

02The promise

Useful words, not ornament.

Every word should make a thought easier to name, a sentence easier to shape, or another person easier to understand.

  1. 1
    Understand

    Begin with plain English and a sound you can follow.

  2. 2
    Distinguish

    See why a familiar nearby word is not quite the same.

  3. 3
    Use

    Meet the word in more than one kind of sentence.

  4. 4
    Choose

    Hold the intention still and notice how the wording changes its landing.

“The word is learned
when it becomes available.”

Opening or saving is never called mastery. Evidence begins only when you recall and use the word.